354

By place

Roman Empire

• Emperor Constantius II recalls his Caesar Constantius Gallus to Constantinople after hearing unfavorable reports about him. Gallus, Caesar of the East, has suppressed revolts in Palestine and central Anatolia. Constantius strips him of his powers and later has him executed in Pola.
• The Roman Calendar of 354, an illuminated manuscript, is drawn up and becomes the earliest dated codex.

  Europe

• As a result of the armies of the West having been largely withdrawn by the usurper Magnus Magnentius, to fight Constantius II, hordes of barbarians cross the upper Rhine into Gaul and invade the lands of the Helvetians.
• The Bulgars are first mentioned in extant European chronicles.

  China

• Fu Sheng, emperor of the Former Qin, reigns in northern China.

  By topic

Religion

• Libanius becomes a teacher of rhetoric in Antioch; his students include John Chrysostom and Theodore of Mopsuestia.

Births

• November 13 - Augustine of Hippo, bishop and theologian
• Apa Bane, Christian hermit and saint
• Paulinus of Nola, bishop and poet
• Pelagius, British monk

  Deaths

• Constantina, daughter of Constantine the Great
• Constantius Gallus, Caesar and son of Julius Constantius
• Princess Pei, wife of Chinese ruler Zhang Chonghua
• Xie Ai, general of the Chinese state Former Liang