3-2-1 Contact
3-2-1 Contact is an American science educational television show that aired on PBS from 1980 to 1988, with an adjoining children's magazine. The show also aired reruns on Noggin from 1999 to 2002, and on PBS Kids Sprout from 2005 to 2009, before the 2009 rebrand on the same year. The show, a production of the Children's Television Workshop, teaches scientific principles and their applications. Dr. Edward G. Atkins, who was responsible for much of the scientific content of the show, felt that the TV program would not replace a classroom but would encourage viewers to ask questions about the scientific purpose of things.
Concept
A frequent segment of the show was The Bloodhound Gang, a series about a group of young detectives who used science to solve crimes. Episodes of the series needed to be run in regular sequence for understandable viewing, as many Bloodhound Gang mysteries were cut among two or three Contact episodes.History
Initial conception
3-2-1 Contact was the brainchild of Samuel Y. Gibbon Jr., who had been the executive producer of the original The Electric Company for CTW from 1971 to 1977. The show was based on the original concept of The Curiosity Show, an Australian science-based children's educational TV show that had been running since 1972. That program was hosted by Australian scientists Rob Morrison and Deane Hutton, who were consultants to The Children's Television Workshop in the early planning stages of what became 3-2-1 Contact. CTW wanted to make a version using American scientists as presenters, but PBS did not think that middle-aged scientists would engage a young audience and insisted that any science show be hosted/presented by young people. CTW eventually reworked the concept into 3-2-1 Contact.Seasons production
The first season of 65 programs began airing January 14, 1980, on select PBS member stations; it featured a cast of three college students who socialized and discussed science in an on-campus room known as "the workshop". This season came to an end on April 11, 1980, and continued in reruns for the following three years, as funding for additional episodes was not yet sufficient.When production finally resumed for the second season, which premiered on October 17, 1983, the show presented a more realistic appearance, as the new cast convened in a suburban basement. This cast continued until October 18, 1985. Ozzie Alfonso was Contacts new director and Al Hyslop its executive producer.
When the fifth season began on September 22, 1986, a third cast was introduced. However, unlike the previous casts, they did not meet in any specific setting; instead, they appeared in various taped and filmed segments. The show ended after seven seasons and 225 episodes on November 18, 1988.
International and school versions
For a time in the mid-1980s, the program was co-produced with the French television network FR3 and featured several new French cast members in addition to the American cast. From 1982 to 1983 the program was aired in Spain with dubbed-over versions of the American original broadcasts, and some local add-ons with four Spanish cast members: Sonia Martínez, Luis Bollain, Fernando Rueda, and Marifé Rodríguez. Another Spanish version of the broadcast was aired from 1990 to 1992.It was reported in 1984 that 3-2-1 Contact had an audience of over 7 million viewers and was broadcast in 26 countries including West Germany, France, Italy, and Spain making their own dubbed-over versions.
From September 1, 1991 to May 1, 1992, an edited version titled 3-2-1 Classroom Contact was produced, specifically for in-school viewing. It was hosted by either Stephanie Yu, Z. Wright, or both and used previously aired segments from the past series.
Broadcasters wanted children and schools to record and replay the episodes without being afraid of infringement of copyright violations.
Hosts
- Liz Moses as Lisa
- Leon W. Grant as Marc
- Ginny Ortiz as Trini
- Liz Gorcey as Jackie
- Kelly Pino as Kathy
- Frank Gomez as Miguel
- Benjamin H. Carlin as Paco
- Judy Leak as Robin
- Manny Mendiola as Diego
- Tannis Vallely as Mary
- Candida Romero as Monique
- Abigael Maryan as Chantal
- Ericka Pazcoguin as Maggie
- Mary Lopez
- David Drach
- David Quinn
- Debra Allison Shapiro
- Todd A. Rolle
- Hopey Fitzpatrick
- Stephanie Yu
- Z. Wright
- Dennis Weaver
Episodes
Season 1 (1980)
- Noisy/Quiet: Production & Processing of Sound
- Noisy/Quiet: The Ear
- Noisy/Quiet: How People & Animals Use Sound
- Noisy/Quiet: Music
- Noisy/Quiet: Range of Vibrations
- Hot/Cold: People's Temperatures
- Hot/Cold: Animal and Plant Adaptations
- Hot/Cold: How Hot or Cold Can
- Hot/Cold: Heat and Work
- Hot Cold: Temperatures on Earth/In Space
- Fast/Slow: Speed Up, Slow Down
- Fast/Slow: Rhythms of Nature
- Fast/Slow: Lifetimes
- Fast/Slow: Speed and Racing
- Fast/Slow: Time and Time Again
- Food/Fuel: Animal Food
- Food/Fuel: Human Food
- Food/Fuel: Growing and Processing Food
- Food/Fuel: Fueling Machines
- Food/Fuel: The Sun Makes Everything Go
- Crowded/Uncrowded: Human Crowding
- Crowded/Uncrowded: Optimum Populations in Nature
- Crowded/Uncrowded: Contrasts in Densities of Materials
- Crowded/Uncrowded: Liquids & Solids
- Crowded/Uncrowded: Human Survival/Controlling Densities
- Light/Dark: The Sun
- Light/Dark: Adaptation of Plants/Animals
- Light/Dark: Electromagnetic Spectrum
- Light/Dark: The Eye
- Light/Dark: Light Sources
- Big/Small: Animal Sizes/Scaling
- Big/Small: Animal Habitats
- Big/Small: Dinosaurs
- Big/Small: Volume & Efficiency
- Big/Small: How Big is Big?
- Near/Far: Seeing Isn't Always
- Near/Far: Mapping and Navigating Near Home
- Near/Far: Mapping and Navigating Over Earth
- Near/Far: Space Travel
- Near/Far: Knowing Where You Are
- Growth/Decay: Sex and Seeds
- Growth/Decay: Human Growth
- Growth/Decay: Decay
- Growth/Decay: Human Cultures/Land Forms
- Growth/Decay: Cycles Upon Cycles
- Communication: Human Communication
- Communication: Animal Communication
- Communication: Machinery of Communication
- Communication with Other Species
- Communication: Feedback
- Forces and Motion
- Forces and Fields
- Forces: Buoyancy and Gravity
- Forces and Machines
- Forces: A Spectacle of Forces
- Order/Disorder: Regular Patterns
- Order/Disorder: The Body – An Ordered System
- Order/Disorder: Social Order
- Order/Disorder: Disordered
- Order/Disorder: Sum of Its Parts
- Surfaces: Protection
- Surfaces: Shapes and Functions at the Surface
- Surfaces: Surface Tension and Bubbles
- Surfaces: Surface of the Earth
- Surfaces: The Atmosphere—Skin of the Earth
Season 2 (1983)
- Flight: Flying Animals
- Flight: Air Resistance
- Flight: Lift
- Flight: Thrust
- Flight: Acceleration
- Sports: Training Analysis
- Sports: Time, Rate, Measurement
- Sports: Energy Transfer
- Sports: Impact Analysis
- Sports: Coordination
- Survival: Breathing
- Survival: Temperature
- Survival: Protection
- Survival: Energy
- Survival: Teamwork
- Babies: The Code of Life
- Babies: Growth and Development
- Babies: Behavior
- Babies: Colonization
- Babies: Change
- Building: Materials
- Building: One of a Kind
- Building: Standard Parts
- Building: Modular
- Building: Communication
- Shapes in Nature
- Shapes and Gravity
- Shapes: Streamlining
- Shapes: Form and Function
- Shapes: Clues
- Water: 3 Phases – Gas, Liquid, Solid
- Water: Medium for Life
- Water and People
- Water: Distribution
- Water in the Body
- Senses: Taste and Smell
- Senses: Sight
- Senses: Hearing
- Senses: Touch
- Senses: Special Sensors
Season 3 (1984)
- Space: Weightless
- Space: Getting There
- Space: Living There
- Space: Working There
- Space: Anybody Out There?
- Measurement: How Long? How Far?
- Measurement: What's the Area? What's the Volume?
- Measurement: How Many? How Much?
- Measurement: How Heavy? How Dense?
- Measurement: How Fast? How Slow?
- Earth is Change
- Earth: Maps
- Earth: Climate
- Earth: Flora and Fauna
- Earth: Building Models
- Electricity: What is It?
- Electricity and Magnetism
- Electricity: Where Do We Get It?
- Electricity Runs in a Circuit
- Electricity: You Are Electric
Season 4 (1985)
- "Tropics: Rubber"
- "Tropics: Metals"
- "Tropics: Rice"
- "Tropics: Working Animals – Monkeys and Elephants"
- "Tropics: Endangered Animals"
- "Light: From the Sun; To Your Eyes"
- "Light: Color"
- "Light: Eyes"
- "Light: How Animals See"
- "Light: Bending and Bouncing"
- "Farms: Sheep and Pigs – Selective Breeding"
- "Farms: Plants and Pigs – Plant Production"
- "Farms: Hybrids"
- "Farms: Cows and Pigs – Animal Products"
- "Farms: Chickens and Pigs – Animal Production"
- "Stuff: Metals"
- "Stuff: Clay"
- "Stuff: Shaping It"
- "Stuff: Feathers and Rubber"
- "Stuff: Using It"
Season 5 (1986)
- "Signals: Lingo"
- "Signals: Talking Birds, Talking Rooms"
- "Signals: Looking for Visual Clues"
- "Signals: Getting Them Around"
- "Signals: Cracking Codes"
- "Oceans: On the Sea"
- "Oceans: In the Sea"
- "Oceans: From the Sea"
- "Oceans: By the Sea"
- "Oceans: Of the Sea"
- "Motion: What's Up?"
- "Motion: Bones"
- "Motion: Smashing"
- "Motion: Getting a Grip"
- "Motion: Heave Ho!"
- "Eating: Tooth Detectives"
- "Eating: Picky Eaters"
- "Eating: Zoo Food"
- "Eating: Down the Hatch"
- "Eating: Leftovers"
Season 6 (1987)
- Japan: Precious Oysters, Rare Salamanders
- Japan: Landslide!
- Japan: Paper and Kites
- Japan: Earthquake!
- Japan: Judo and Computers
- Detectives: Skin and Bone Detectives
- Detectives: Tool and Trash Detectives
- Detectives: Wildlife Detectives
- Detectives: Dinosaur Detectives
- Detectives: Pattern Detectives
- Architecture: Raising the Big Top
- Architecture: Home
- Architecture: Stack It Up
- Architecture: Made to Fit
- Architecture: Light But Strong
- Mammals: Rats and Bats
- Mammals: Keeping Warm
- Mammals: Live Birth, Warm Milk
- Mammals at Play
- Big Mammals: The High Cost of Living
- Modeling: Things on Wheels
- Modeling: Through Ice and Air
- Modeling: The Earth
- Modeling: Knees and Small Things
- Modeling: Spaces
- In the Air: Finding Your Way
- In the Air: Drifting with the Wind
- In the Air: Born to Fly
- In the Air: Fat Things That Fly
- In the Air: Unbelievable Flying Objects
Season 7 (1988)
- Antarctica: Getting There
- Antarctica: Getting Around
- Antarctica: Life On The Edge
- Antarctica: Life Under The Ice
- Antarctica: The Desert Continent
- Your Body: Twins
- Your Body: Having a Baby
- Your Body: Sleep
- Your Body: Spinning
- Your Body: Your Health
- Australia: Platypus & Echidna
- Australia: Moths & Beetles
- Australia: Emu & Kookaburra
- Australia: Koalas
- Australia: Kangaroos
- Structures: Bubble, Bubble
- Structures: Pipes and Reeds
- Structures: Chaos and Computers
- Structures: Running Robots
- Structures: Suspended in Air
- Greece: The Journey Begins
- Greece: Under The Ash
- Greece: Before History
- Greece: Sheep & Cheese
- Greece: The Parthenon
- Island: Parrot Fish
- Island: Lizards
- Island: Coral
- Island: Flamingos
- Island: Conch
Extras
Broadcast
Though the show went off the air in 1988, it appeared in reruns from 1999 to 2003 on the cable television network Noggin, then a joint venture of Sesame Workshop and Viacom. Occasionally, shows were also rerun on Nickelodeon's Cable in the Classroom time period. For all these Nickelodeon and Noggin airings, the series was rated TV-Y7. It also still aired in reruns as late as 1998 on some PBS stations. In 2003, Sesame Workshop sold its half of Noggin to Viacom. The shows were modified for the shorter running time on these networks to allow for their interstitials.Magazine
Three months before the show premiered, a print magazine of the same name that also focused on science was released. In 1985, the magazine absorbed some of the content of sibling publication Enter, including reader submissions of computer programs written in the BASIC computer language as well as reviews of popular computer programs. The Enter section also contained a new feature called "The Slipped Disk Show," in which a fictional disc jockey answered computer-related questions submitted by readers.In 1987, the magazine began featuring content from another CTW production, Square One Television. Such content frequently took the form of a two-page comic strip, often parodying a popular show or movie of the time, with a math-related question at the end.
The Bloodhound Gang mysteries also made the leap to the magazine, but they were subsequently replaced with a series entitled The Time Team in September 1990. These stories found teenage characters Sean Nolan and Jenny Lopez traveling to different time periods in the past and future. Their surroundings and personal encounters were described with great detail, educating readers as to the customs of various cultures throughout history, and – on trips to the future – often pushing present day hot-button issues. For example, a 1993 story saw the duo traveling to what appeared to be a prehistoric forest, but near the end, they found a Brazil flag, a newspaper clipping from 1995, and a bulldozer at work: this was in fact a Brazilian rainforest being levelled.
In 1996, The Time Team was replaced by a comic serial, Cosmic Crew, which focused on the adventures of a group of teenagers and their robot butler in space. Their first story arc had them trying to figure out a series of riddles relating to places in the solar system in order to claim a treasure. Another story arc had a delinquent join them in order to chase down a gang of other delinquents. Despite being effectively replaced, a few Time Team stories were run whenever there were gaps between installments of Cosmic Crew.
Many of the magazine's cover stories involved current events, such as 1990s oil fires in the Middle East. In addition, the magazine offered a games section in which most of the games were related to the stories in the issue.
In 1996, CTW presumably concluded that faithful readers from the late 1980s and early 1990s had long since moved on, and the magazine began to reprint non-time-sensitive stories from years past. For example, a 1991 article on the geography of the Galápagos Islands – a subject relatively unchanging due to the islands' well-enforced ecologically protected status – could very well re-appear in an identical format a half a decade later.
Under Children's Television Workshop, the magazine later became Contact Kids, removing the original reference to the television show. Production of the magazine was suspended indefinitely in 2001.