Following the 2014 elections, there were two opposing factions in parliament; the Umbrella for Democratic Change, and the Botswana Congress Party. In February 2017 the Botswana Congress Party also joined the Umbrella for Democratic Change, uniting all parliamentary opposition parties. However, in October 2017, the Alliance for Progressives, led by Ndaba Gaolathe, was formed as a breakaway from the Botswana Movement for Democracy. In October 2018, the BMD was expelled from the coalition after it refused to forgo contesting constituencies that had originally been allocated to it. On 1 April 2018, Mokgweetsi Masisi of the Botswana Democratic Party was sworn in as Botswana's fifth president, replacing Ian Khama. The BDP held its primary elections on 20 January and 25 August 2018 to select its candidates, with over 1,300 candidates running to be selected to contest the general elections. Following a falling out with Masisi, Khama left the BDP in May 2019 and announced that he would campaign against his former party and support the Botswana Patriotic Front.
Electoral system
The 63 members of the National Assembly consisted of 57 MPs elected in single-member constituencies by first-past-the-post, four members appointed by the governing party, and two ex-officio members. Voters were required to be citizens of Botswana and at least 18 years old, and have been resident in the country for at least 12 months prior to voter registration. People who were declared insane, held dual citizenship, were under a death sentence, had been convicted of an electoral offence or imprisoned for at least six months were not allowed to vote. Candidates had to be citizens of Botswana, at least 21 years old, without an undischarged bankruptcy and be able to speak and read English sufficiently well to take part in parliamentary proceedings. Several proposed amendments to the Electoral Law, including the introduction of electronic voting and an increase in nomination fees, were dropped in September 2018. Election day and the two following days were declared public holidays.
Results
All opposition leaders lost their seats to the BDP.
Aftermath
and SADC called the elections free and fair, but criticized the lack of indelible ink and translucent ballot boxes at the polling stations. In November 2019Duma Boko claimed that there had been "massive electoral discrepancies" and stated that he planned to challenge the results in court. The appeal was initially dismissed by the High Court in December, but Boko appealed successfully to the Court of Appeal in early January 2020. However, in the full hearing in late January, the Court of Appeal dismissed the petitions on the basis that it did not have sufficient jurisdiction to hear them.
