1983 Railway Cup Hurling Championship
The 1983 Railway Cup Hurling Championship was the 57th staging of the Railway Cup since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1927. The cup began on 6 February 1983 and ended on 17 March 1983.
Connacht were the defending champions.
On 17 March 1983, Connacht won the cup after a 0-10 to 1-05 defeat of Leinster in the final at Breffni Park. This was their fourth Railway Cup title overall and their second title in succession.Results
Semi-finals
Final
;Top scorers overall
| Rank | Player | Club | Tally | Total | Matches | Average |
| 1 | Liam Fennelly | Leinster | 2-03 | 9 | 2 | 4.50 |
| 2 | Pat Carroll | Leinster | 0-08 | 8 | 2 | 4.00 |
| 3 | Dinny Donnelly | Ulster | 1-03 | 6 | 1 | 6.00 |
| 3 | Bernie Forde | Connacht | 1-03 | 6 | 2 | 3.00 |
