1954 in Scotland

Incumbents

• Monarch – Elizabeth II
• Secretary of State for Scotland and Keeper of the Great Seal – James Stuart

  Law officers

• Lord Advocate – James Latham Clyde
• Solicitor General for Scotland – William Rankine Milligan

  Judiciary

• Lord President of the Court of Session and Lord Justice General – Lord Cooper until 23 December; then Lord Clyde
• Lord Justice Clerk – Lord Thomson
• Chairman of the Scottish Land Court – Lord Gibson

  Events

• 28 January – John Thomas Wheatley appointed as a Senator of the College of Justice.
• 17 February – RMS Saxonia is launched at John Brown & Company's shipyard on Clydebank for the Cunard Line's Canadian service.
• March – Scottish Journal of Political Economy first published.
• 16 March – major fire damages Skerryvore lighthouse.
• 27 April – Clyde F.C. beat Celtic 1 – 0 in the replayed final of the Scottish Cup.
• 12 May – work on construction of Seafield Colliery at Kirkcaldy begins.
• July – work on construction of Ravenscraig steelworks is authorized.
• 3 September – the National Trust for Scotland acquires Fair Isle from George Waterston.
• 23 October – Heart of Midlothian F.C. beats Motherwell 4–2 to win the Scottish League Cup.
• 23 November – opening of Walsh trial, to determine whether Douglas Walsh of Dumbarton, a Jehovah's Witness pioneer, has the same right as an ordained religious minister in Scotland to be exempted from conscripted military service.
• 25 December – 1954 Prestwick air disaster: BOAC Boeing 377 Stratocruiser G-ALSA crashes on landing at Prestwick Airport from London in poor visibility, killing 28.
• Asymmetric footbridge over Gala Water in Galashiels opened.
• Osprey recolonize Scotland.

  Births

• 5 January – Myra Nimmo, long jumper
• 15 February – John McAslan, architect
• 16 February – Iain Banks, novelist
• 8 March – David Wilkie, swimmer
• 9 March – Jim Stewart, footballer
• 14 March – David Taylor, football administrator, joint General Secretary of UEFA
• 9 April – Iain Duncan Smith, Conservative Party leader, MP and government minister
• 28 April – Tom McCabe, Labour Party politician, MSP and government minister
• 5 May – Brian Souter, businessman and founder of Stagecoach Group
• 28 June – A. A. Gill, newspaper critic
• 2 August – Ken MacLeod, science fiction writer
• 5 August – Allan Wilson, Labour Party politician, MSP
• 16 August – George Galloway, politician, founder of the Respect Party
• 26 August – David Martin, Labour Party politician, Member of the European Parliament for Scotland
• 11 September – Ian Anderson, footballer
• 28 September – Mike McCartney, footballer
• 16 October – Michael Forsyth, Baron Forsyth of Drumlean, Conservative Secretary of State for Scotland
• 19 October – Ken Stott, actor
• 16 November – Donald Runnicles, orchestral conductor
• 25 December – Annie Lennox, singer-songwriter, political activist and philanthropist
• 27 December – Joanna Strathdee, Scottish National Party politician
• 31 December – Alex Salmond, Scottish National Party First Minister of Scotland

  Deaths

• 11 February – Alexander Anderson, Labour Party politician and Member of Parliament 1947–54
• 18 April – Helen Crawfurd, suffragette and communist activist
• 6 May – B. C. Forbes, financial journalist and author who founded Forbes Magazine in the United States
• 18 July – Thomas S. Tait, architect
• 12 November – Alex Smith, international footballer
• 22 November – Jimmy Gordon, footballer

  The arts

• George Mackay Brown's first book of poetry, The Storm, is published.
• Sorley MacLean's Scottish Gaelic poetry Hallaig is published in Gairm.
• Roddy McMillan's play All in Good Faith is presented at the Citizens Theatre, Glasgow.
• American photographer Paul Strand works in the Outer Hebrides.
• Alexander Trocchi's novel Young Adam is published.