1944 in Canada
Events from the year 1944 in Canada.
Incumbents
Crown
- Monarch – George VI
Federal government
- Governor general – Alexander Cambridge
- Prime minister – William Lyon Mackenzie King
- Chief Justice – Lyman Poore Duff then Thibaudeau Rinfret
- Parliament – 19th
Provincial governments
Lieutenant governors
- Lieutenant Governor of Alberta – John C. Bowen
- Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia – William Culham Woodward
- Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba – Roland Fairbairn McWilliams
- Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick – William George Clark
- Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia – Henry Ernest Kendall
- Lieutenant Governor of Ontario – Albert Edward Matthews
- Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island – Bradford William LePage
- Lieutenant Governor of Quebec – Eugène Fiset
- Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan – Archibald Peter McNab
Premiers
- Premier of Alberta – Ernest Manning
- Premier of British Columbia – John Hart
- Premier of Manitoba – Stuart Garson
- Premier of New Brunswick – John McNair
- Premier of Nova Scotia – A.S. MacMillan
- Premier of Ontario – George A. Drew
- Premier of Prince Edward Island – J. Walter Jones
- Premier of Quebec – Adélard Godbout then Maurice Duplessis
- Premier of Saskatchewan – William John Patterson then Tommy Douglas
Territorial governments
Commissioners
- Controller of Yukon – George A. Jeckell
- Commissioner of Northwest Territories – Charles Camsell
Events
- March 20 - Henry Duncan Graham Crerar becomes chief of the Canadian Army
- June 6 - World War II: The 3rd Canadian Infantry Division lands at Juno Beach, part of the Invasion of Normandy
- June 15 - Saskatchewan election: Tommy Douglas's Co-operative Commonwealth Federation wins a landslide majority, defeating William John Patterson's Liberals
- July 10 - Tommy Douglas becomes premier of Saskatchewan, replacing William Patterson
- July 23 - The First Canadian Army is activated in Normandy, becoming the largest combat force to ever be placed under Canadian command.
- August 1 - The House of Commons approves the Family Allowance Act
- August 8 - Alberta election: Ernest Manning's Alberta Social Credit Party wins a third consecutive majority
- August 17 - World War II: The Canadian Army liberates Falaise
- August 30 - Maurice Duplessis becomes Premier of Quebec for the second time, replacing Adélard Godbout
- October 1 - The Battle of the Scheldt estuary begins
- October 13 - 1st Battalion The Black Watch of Canada suffers significant casualties in the action known in regimental lore as Black Friday
- October 21 - Smokey Smith earns the Victoria Cross on the Savio River in Italy.
- December 24 - HMCS Clayoquot sunk off Halifax by a German U-boat
- Conscription Crisis of 1944
Arts and literature
Sports
- April 13 – Montreal Canadiens win their fifth Stanley Cup by defeating the Chicago Black Hawks 4 games to 0. The deciding Game 4 was played at the Montreal Forum
- April 22 – Ontario Hockey Association's Oshawa Generals win their second Memorial Cup by defeating the Western Kootenay Junior Hockey League's Trail Smoke Eaters 4 games to 0. The deciding Game 4 was played at Maple Leaf Gardens in Toronto
- November 25 – St. Hyacinthe–Donnacona Navy win their only Grey Cup by defeating the Hamilton Flying Wildcats 7 to 6 in the 32nd Grey Cup played at Civic Stadium
Births
January to June
- January 6 - John Efford, politician
- February 27 - André Roy, writer
- March 15 - Francis Mankiewicz, film director, screenwriter and producer
- March 26 - Benjamin Chee Chee, artist
- March 29 - Terry Jacks, singer, songwriter, record producer and environmentalist
- April 12 - Glen Cummings, politician
- April 17 - Bobby Curtola, singer
- May 20 - Elinor Caplan, politician and businesswoman
- May 28 - Rita MacNeil, singer-songwriter
- June 1 - Aileen Carroll, politician
- June 29 - Bob Kilger, politician
- June 29 - Charlie Watt, Senator
July to September
- July 5 - Norma McCormick, politician
- July 5 - Robbie Robertson, singer-songwriter and guitarist
- July 30 - Mendelson Joe, singer-songwriter, guitarist and painter
- August 11 - Alexa McDonough, politician
- August 18 - David Newman, politician
- August 25 - Conrad Black, historian, columnist and publisher, appealing a fraud conviction in the United States
- September 1 - Harvey Thomas Strosberg, lawyer and academic
- September 3 - Brian Linehan, television host
- September 20 - Phil Fontaine, Aboriginal Canadian leader
- September 30 - bpNichol, poet
- September 30 - Diane Dufresne, singer and painter
October to December
- November 17 -Lorne Michaels, television producer, writer and comedian
- December 4 - Anna McGarrigle, singer-songwriter
- December 12 - Peter Goldring, politician
- December 16 - Judy Sgro, politician
- December 16 - Mike Radcliffe, politician
- December 19 - Zal Yanovsky, rock musician
- December 24 - Daniel Johnson, Jr., politician and 25th Premier of Quebec
- December 24 - Dan Miller, politician and 32nd Premier of British Columbia
Full date unknown
- Jorge Zontal, artist and co-founder of the artistic collective General Idea
Deaths
January to June
- January 9 - John Wesley Dafoe, journalist and author
- February 6 - Arthur Sauvé, politician
- March 9 - Roy Brown, World War I flying ace
- March 28 - Stephen Leacock, writer and economist
July to December
- July 27 - Clifford William Robinson, lawyer, businessman, politician and 11th Premier of New Brunswick
- September 5 - Gustave Biéler, Special Operations Executive agent during World War II
- September 9 - John Stuart Foster, physicist
- September 14 - John Kenneth Macalister, World War II hero
- September 14 - Frank Pickersgill, World War II hero
- September 14 - Roméo Sabourin, World War II hero
- September 27 - Aimee Semple McPherson, evangelist
- October 1 - William Mulock, politician and Minister
- November 3 - Jack Miner, conservationist
- November 26 - Henry Cockshutt, Lieutenant Governor of Ontario
Historical Documents
"Throughout D-day, the assault was pressed forward with considerable success" as three infantry brigades move inland
"The Abortive Thrust Up the Caen–Falaise Road" by Canadians draws in German forces, aiding U.S. breakout from Normandy
War artist in Normandy campaign describes evading friendly flak and enemy mines
Men of 1st Canadian Parachute Battalion go on 3-day hunger strike while training in England after D-Day
Battle morale under "terrible strain" as fresh recruits with only 30 days' training go into combat in Netherlands
In September along Adriatic coast, beauty and blood mingle in Italian countryside during battle to take Coriano Ridge
News: Defence minister Ralston resigns; editorial: PM King not disclosing "the facts and the principles" in cabinet's conscription crisis
In "scorching reply" to PM King, Ralston says he was fired and PM not acknowledging urgency of Army manpower crisis
In Commons session arising from cabinet crisis, PM King announces that 16,000 conscripts will be transferred to Europe
"We must finish with Hitler first" - Canadian effort in Pacific war is limited by demands of European campaign
Compassionate return, leave and prisoner escort duty are advised for Canadian soldiers with long overseas service
Halifax blood donation advertisement - "Hundreds Of New Blood Donors Needed To Save The Lives Of Our Fighting Men!"
Canadian and U.S. diplomats discuss proposals for new world organization, especially regarding clout of less than great powers
Canadian ambassador says U.S.S.R. will be troublesome, but "will throw its full weight behind the forces working for peace and security"
Young woman survivor describes her cattle car transport from Hungary to arrival at Auschwitz concentration camp
With their properties sold, indications are that Japanese Canadians will not be allowed back to coastal B.C.
Japanese-Canadian newspaper of Kaslo, B.C. says government intends to disperse Japanese Canadians across Canada after war
Ontario Racial Discrimination Act outlaws signs and symbols that discriminate based on race or creed
Garden club president explains lure of suburbs to gardeners
Fired as army commander, but not yet defence minister, Gen. A.G.L. McNaughton visits his Saskatchewan boyhood home
"We are in another world" - Canadian war artist describes layers of cloud as seen from aircraft