1912 United States House of Representatives elections
Elections to the United States House of Representatives in 1912 were held for members of the 63rd Congress, coinciding with the election of President Woodrow Wilson.
Wilson's victory was partly due to the division of the opposition Republican Party into conservative and progressive factions. While many progressives stayed within the party framework, they maintained lukewarm relationships with Republican leadership. Others formed a third party known as the Progressives and several switched allegiance to the Democrats. A message of unity was portrayed by the Democrats, allowing this group to present themselves as above the bickering and corruption that had become associated with the Republican internal feud. Many of the new seats that were added after the prior census ended up in Democratic hands. In addition, William Kent, who had been elected to the House as a Republican in 1908, was elected to California's 1st congressional district as an Independent.
The number of representatives was increased for this election to 435, where it currently stands.
Election summaries
In reapportionment following the 1910 census, 41 new seats were added, bringing the House to its modern size. This would be the last time the size of the House changed, except for a temporary addition of two seats in 1959 after the admission of Alaska and Hawaii and subsequent return to 435 in 1963. In the reapportionment, 1 state lost 1 seat, 22 states had no change in apportionment, 16 states gained 1 seat each, 5 states gained 2 seats each, 2 states gained 3 seats, 1 state gained 4 seats, and 1 state gained 6 seats. Twelve states used at-large seats in addition to districts to elect new seats.! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" colspan=2 rowspan=2 | Political party
! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" rowspan=2 | Leader
! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" colspan=6 | MOCs
! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" colspan=3 | Votes
! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" | Contested
! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" | Total
! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" | Gained
! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" | Lost
! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" | Net
! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" | Of total
! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" | Total
! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" | Of total
! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" | Change
! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" colspan=3 | Total
! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" |
! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" | 435
! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" |
! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" |
! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" |
! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" |
! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" | 18,967,165
! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" |
! style="border: 1px solid #aaa;" |
! rowspan=2 | State
! rowspan=2 | Type
! colspan=2 | Total seats
! colspan=2 | Democratic
! colspan=2 | Republican
! colspan=2 | Progressive
! colspan=2 | Independent
! Seats
! Change
! | Seats
! | Change
! | Seats
! | Change
! | Seats
! | Change
! | Seats
! | Change
! Alabama
! Arizona
! Arkansas
! California
! Colorado
! Connecticut
! Delaware
! Florida
! Georgia
! Idaho
! Illinois
! Indiana
! Iowa
! Kansas
! Kentucky
! Louisiana
! Maine
! Maryland
! Massachusetts
! Michigan
! Minnesota
! Mississippi
! Missouri
! Montana
! Nebraska
! Nevada
! New Hampshire
! New Jersey
! New Mexico
! New York
! North Carolina
! North Dakota
! Ohio
! Oklahoma
! Oregon
! Pennsylvania
! Rhode Island
! South Carolina
! South Dakota
! Tennessee
! Texas
! Utah
! Vermont
! Virginia
! Washington
! West [|Virginia]
! Wisconsin
! Wyoming
! align=center colspan=2 | Total
! align=right | 435
! align=right | 41
! | 291
! | 61
! | 134
! | 29
! | 9
! | 9
! | 1
! | 1
Early election dates
Two states, with 6 seats between them, held elections early in 1912:- September 3, 1912: Vermont
- September 9, 1912: [|Maine]
Special elections
There were special elections in 1912 to the 57th United States Congress.Special elections are sorted by date then district.
[|Alabama]
[|Arizona]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Arkansas]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|California]
[|Colorado]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Atterson W. Rucker | Democratic | 1908 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
[|Connecticut]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Delaware]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Florida]
[|Georgia]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Idaho]
[|Illinois]
[|Indiana]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Iowa]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Kansas]
[|Kentucky]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Louisiana]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
Maine
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Maryland]
| Democratic[|Massachusetts]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Michigan]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Minnesota]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Mississippi]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Missouri]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Montana]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Nebraska]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Nevada]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|New Hampshire]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|New Jersey]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|New Mexico]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Harvey B. Fergusson | Democratic | 1911 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| George Curry | Republican | 1911 | Incumbent retired. Seat eliminated in reapportionment. Republican loss. |
[|New York]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|North Carolina]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|North Dakota]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Ohio]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Oklahoma]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Oregon]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Pennsylvania]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Rhode Island]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|South Carolina]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| George Swinton Legaré | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| James F. Byrnes | Democratic | 1910 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Wyatt Aiken | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Joseph T. Johnson | Democratic | 1900 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| David E. Finley | Democratic | 1898 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| J. Edwin Ellerbe | Democratic | 1904 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. | ||
| J. William Stokes | Democratic | 1894 | Incumbent died July 6, 1901. New member elected. Democratic hold. Successor also elected the same day to finish the current term. |
South Carolina
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|South Dakota]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Tennessee]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Texas]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Utah]
The Utah election consisted of an all-party general ticket election to the two at-large seats. Howell was elected to the first at-large seat, while Johnson was elected to the second at-large seat, but they were nevertheless placed in districts.Vermont
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
Virginia
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
| Carter Glass | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
[|Washington]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|West Virginia]
[|Wisconsin]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |
[|Wyoming]
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates |