1831 in Scotland Events from the year 1831 in Scotland . Incumbents Monarch – William IV Law officers Lord Advocate – Francis Jeffrey Solicitor General for Scotland – Henry Cockburn Judiciary Lord President of the Court of Session – Lord Granton Lord Justice General – The Duke of Montrose Lord Justice Clerk – Lord Boyle Events Spring – the 12th-century Lewis chessmen are found in a sand-bank on the Isle of Lewis . 19–21 March – one of Goldsworthy Gurney’s steam road coaches runs from Edinburgh to Glasgow. May – Wellington Suspension Bridge over River Dee at Aberdeen opened to all traffic. 10 May – first steam locomotive to be built in Glasgow completed by Murdoch, Aitken & Co. for the Monkland and Kirkintilloch Railway . Mid-May – mineral traffic over Garnkirk and Glasgow Railway commences. 1 June * A regular horse-drawn passenger service between Leaend at Airdrie and Glasgow over the Ballochney , Monkland and Kirkintilloch and Garnkirk and Glasgow Railways commences. * One of Goldsworthy Gurney’s steam road coaches suffers a boiler explosion in Glasgow. 6 June – first iron steamboat to be launched on the River Clyde, Fairy Queen by John Neilson & Sons. 4 July – opening of first section of Edinburgh and Dalkeith Railway , from St Leonards to Craighall, including St Leonards Tunnel, Scotland's earliest tunnel on a public railway, and the early cast iron bridge at Braid Burn . August – the Dugald Stewart Monument in Edinburgh, designed by W. H. Playfair, is completed. 1 August – the Roman Catholic St Thomas's Church, Keith , is opened for worship. 27 September – formal opening of Garnkirk and Glasgow Railway: locomotive St Rollox hauls Scotland’s first steam-worked passenger train from the Townhead terminus at Glasgow to Gartsherrie. 16 December – opening of first section of Dundee and Newtyle Railway , the first public railway in the north of Scotland. 23 December – the second cholera pandemic reaches Scotland. The Ardrossan and Johnstone Railway opens as a waggonway from Johnstone to Kilwinning . Dunnet Head lighthouse , designed by Robert Stevenson , is built. :File:Aberdeen Arts Centre - geograph.org.uk - 851159.jpg|North Church in Aberdeen, designed by John Smith , is opened. The :File:Burns Monument, Edinburgh by Thomas Hamilton .jpg|Burns Monument, Edinburgh, is designed by Thomas Hamilton. William Wallace invents the eidograph . Glenugie distillery is established as Invernettie at Peterhead by Donald McLeod; Talisker distillery is built at Carbost , Talisker, Skye , by Hugh and Kenneth MacAskill.Births 31 January – Alexander Balmain Bruce , theologian February – George Stewart , recipient of the Victoria Cross 31 March – Archibald Scott Couper , organic chemist 2 April – David MacGibbon , architect 26 April – James Donaldson , classical scholar, educationalist and theological writer 28 April – Peter Tait , mathematical physicist 7 May – Richard Norman Shaw , architect 28 May – Richard B. Angus, financier 13 June – James Clerk Maxwell , physicist 24 June – Robert Wallace , writer and politician 3 July – Edmund Yates , writer 17 August – John McLaren , politician and judge 13 September – Andrew Noble , physicist 12 October – Helen Acquroff , pianist, singer, poet and music teacher 17 October – Isa Craig , née Knox, poet 23 November – David MacKay , recipient of the Victoria Cross 25 December – John Bartholomew , cartographerDeaths 14 January – Henry Mackenzie , novelist 4 February – William Ritchie , newspaper editor 14 February – Robert Brown , agriculturalist 22 March – William Symington , engineer and steamboat builder May – James Campbell , army officer 1 July – Archibald Cochrane, 9th Earl of Dundonald , industrial chemist 16 August – Sir Hugh Innes , politician 17 August – Patrick Nasmyth , landscape painter Joseph Lowe , economistThe arts James Hogg publishes Songs, by the Ettrick Shepherd . The Literary and Commercial Society of Glasgow is last known to be active.
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