1800 United States Census


The United States Census of 1800 was the second Census conducted in the United States. It was conducted on August 4, 1800.
It showed that 5,308,483 people were living in the United States, of whom 893,602 were slaves. The 1800 Census included the new District of Columbia. The census for the following states were lost: Georgia, Kentucky, New Jersey, Tennessee, and Virginia. This would be the last census in which Virginia was the most populous state.

Census questions

The 1800 census asks the following information in columns, left to right:
ColumnTitle
1Name of the head
2Number of free white males under age 10
3Number of free white males of age 10 and under 16
4Number of free white males of age 16 and under 26
5Number of free white males of age 26 and under 45
6Number of free white males of age 45 and over.
7Number of free white females under age 10
8Number of free white females of age 10 and under 16
9Number of free white females of age 16 and under 26
10Number of free white females of age 26 and under 45
11Number of free white females of age 45 and over.
12Number of all other free persons
13Number of slaves

This census is one of the several for which some of the original data are no longer available. Original census returns for Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, New Jersey, Tennessee, and Virginia were lost over the years.

Data availability

No microdata from the 1800 population census are available, but aggregate data for small areas, together with compatible cartographic boundary files, can be downloaded from the National Historical Geographic Information System.

State and regional populations

DistrictFree white males under age 10Free white males age 10–16Free white males age 16–26Free white males age 26–45Free white males over age 45Free white females under age 10Free white females age 10–16Free white females age 16–26Free white females age 26–45Free white females over age 45All other free personsSlavesTotal
Uncorrected Total741,367334,849383,423422,795257,526705,024315,354391,848392,167250,296102,685875,6265,172,312
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Tennessee19,2277,1948,2828,3524,12518,4507,0428,5546,9923,49130913,584105,602
Maryland corrected36,75117,74321,92923,55313,71234,70316,78722,91521,72512,18019,987107,707349,692
Corrected Total763,288359,792392,765432,979262,497725,197323,243401,436400,203254,524104,294893,6055,305,982

City populations