16th Air Army
The 16th Red Banner Air Army was the most important formation of the Special Purpose Command. Initially formed during the Second World War as a part of the Soviet Air Force, it was from its 2002 reformation to its 2009 disbandment the tactical air force component of the Moscow Military District. The 16th Air Army took part in the Battle of Berlin with 28 Aviation divisions and 7 Separate aviation regiments, and was located with the GSFG in East Germany until 1994. Withdrawn to Kubinka in that year, the army was disbanded and reformed as a corps in 1998. From 1949 to 1968, it was designated as the 24th Air Army.
World War II
The army began forming on 8 August 1942 during the Battle of Stalingrad and originally included the 220th Fighter Aviation Division and 228th Assault Aviation Division of the 8th Air Army, as well as two separate aviation regiments. Around the end of August and the beginning of September, the 283rd IAD and 291st Mixed Aviation Division arrived from the Reserve of the Supreme High Command. On 4 September, the army had 152 serviceable aircraft, composed of Yakovlev Yak-1 and Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Gudkov LaGG-3 fighters, Ilyushin Il-2 Shturmovik ground attack aircraft, and Petlyakov Pe-2 dive bombers.It took part in Operation Uranus, the counteroffensive that successfully cut off German troops in Stalingrad, as part of the Don Front during November and December 1942, under the command of Major General Sergei Rudenko. On 19 November, when the offensive began, the army had a total of 249 serviceable aircraft.
It was involved in the Battle of Kursk, and was part of the First Belorussian Front for the liberation of Belarus, the Lublin-Brest Offensive, and the assault on Berlin.
In Germany
On 29 May 1945, Stavka directive No. 11095 was issued, by which order the 1st Belorussian Front became the Group of Soviet Occupation Forces in Germany. The order also promulgated the new structure of 16th Air Army:- 3rd Bomber Aviation Corps
- *183rd Bomber Aviation Division
- *241st Bomber Aviation Division
- *301st Bomber Aviation Division
- 6th Bomber Aviation Corps
- *113th Bomber Aviation Division
- *326th Bomber Aviation Division
- *334th Bomber Aviation Division
- 6th Assault Aviation Corps
- *197th Assault Aviation Division
- *198th Assault Aviation Division
- *2nd Guards Assault Aviation Division
- 9th Assault Aviation Corps
- *3rd Guards Assault Aviation Division
- *300th Assault Aviation Division
- *11th Guards Assault Aviation Division
- 1st Guards Fighter Aviation Corps
- *3rd Guards Fighter Aviation Division
- *4th Guards Fighter Aviation Division
- *240th Fighter Aviation Division
- 3rd Fighter Aviation Corps
- *265th Fighter Aviation Division
- *278th Fighter Aviation Division
- *286th Fighter Aviation Division
- 13th Fighter Aviation Corps
- *193rd Fighter Aviation Division
- *283rd Fighter Aviation Division
- *282nd Fighter Aviation Division
- 9th Guards Night-Bomber Aviation Division
- 16th independent Reconnaissance Aviation Regiment
- 93rd independent Artillery Correction Regiment
- 98th independent Artillery Correction Regiment
- 226th Separate mixed wing
- 62nd Guards Aviation Regiment GVF
- 919th independent Communications Aviation Squadron
Withdrawal from Germany
The 16th Air Army ceremonially said farewell to Germany at the Sperenburg Open Day on 27 May 1994. On that day the Air Army Headquarters was moved to Kubinka in the Moscow Military District. However the last aircraft from the 226th Separate Mixed Aviation Regiment did not leave Sperenberg Airfield until 6 September 1994. A visiting Il-76MD was the last aircraft movement three days later.In 1989 it consisted of subordinate units and formations as follows:
;Headquarters, Zossen-Wünsdorf
- 6th Guards Fighter Aviation Division
- *296th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Regiment
- *31st Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment
- *85th Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment
- *968th Fighter Aviation Regiment
- *139th Aviation Technical Regiment
- 16th Guards Fighter Aviation Division
- *33rd Fighter Aviation Regiment
- *773rd Fighter Aviation Regiment
- *787th Fighter Aviation Regiment
- 126th Fighter Aviation Division
- *35th Fighter Aviation Regiment
- *833rd Fighter Aviation Regiment
- 125th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Division
- *19th Guards Fighter-Bomber Aviation Regiment
- *20th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Regiment
- 105th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Division
- *296th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Regiment
- *559th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Regiment
- *911th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Regiment
- Separate units, directly subordinated to the 16th Air Army
- *11th Independent Reconnaissance Aviation Regiment
- *226th Separate Mixed Aviation Regiment
- *357th Separate Assault Aviation Regiment
- *368th Separate Assault Aviation Regiment
Airfields on German territory
The list below contains the main airfields of the 16th Air Army. The appropriate airfield call sign with the correlating nickname of the communications center is put in "quotation marks":site | call sign | coms center | coordinates |
Ahlstedt | «vodoyom » | «tonus » | tbd |
Altenburg airfield | «proran » | «stolbik » | |
Altes Lager airfield | «lektsya » | «kniga » | |
Brand airfield | «zveroboy » | «prosyolok » | |
Brandis airfield | «zapayka » | «optika » | |
Damgarten airfield | «sobol » | «urozhay » | |
Dresden | «aryol » | «mebel, lira » | tbd |
Falkenberg airfield | «baikal » | «samokatsik » | |
Finow airfield | «narzan » | «napayka, meshalka » | |
Finsterwalde airfield | «gorodok » | «probar » | |
Grossenhain airfield | «ararat » | «tsekan bagatzrskiy » | |
Köthen airfield | «zemelnyi » | «zenitnyi » | |
Mahlwinkel | «osenniy » | «mukha, uksus » | |
Magdeburg | «садовый» | «аэроплан» | |
Merseburg airfield | «muskat » | «tsaevod, radost » | |
Neuruppin | «khuydor » | «powodok, plavshchik » | |
Nohra | «voevoda » | «nagrad » | |
Oranienburg airfield | «zadar » | «rtunyi » | |
Parchim airfield | «pushistyi » | «klits » | |
Rechlin–Lärz Airfield | «gusar » | «metallist » | |
Stendal-Borstel airfield | «kukan » | «kumysny » | |
Sperenberg airfield | «souvenir » | «izvoztsik » | |
Templin airfield | «leopard » | «nozh, povelitel » | |
Tutow airfield | «baas » | «serdolik » | |
Welzow airfield | «baas » | «serdolik » | |
Werneuchen airfield | «galerny » | «postament » | |
Wittstock aifield | «gazovy » | «postament » | |
Zerbst | «karetny » | «kinzhal, tsaynik » |
In the Russian Federation
On 1 June 1998, the 16th Air Army was disbanded and its units incorporated into the Moscow District of VVS and PVO, in accordance with the amalgamation of the Air Forces and the Russian Air Defence Forces. This was quickly reversed and on 25 November 1998, the 16th Mixed Aviation Corps was formed from the former units of the army. The corps was reformed as the 16th Air Army on 1 February 2002.Savasleyka is another airbase within the Moscow Military District's boundaries, but its exact operational status is currently unclear, as the formerly resident unit, the 54th Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment, was not listed as operational in the most widely available recent survey of Russian air power, which was done by Air Forces Monthly in August and September 2007. The 54th Regiment had previously been withdrawn from Vainode Air Base in Latvia. Russian internet sources now say it has been reorganised as the 3958th Air Base.
The 16th Air Army was planned in 2007 to receive two regiments of the advanced Su-34 Fullback fighter-bombers. General Belevitch said the arny would also receive MiG-29SM Fulcrum fighters to replace outdated MiG-29s and modernized Su-25 Frogfoot close support aircraft, which showed outstanding performance during operations in Afghanistan, Chechnya and other "hot spots."
As part of the extensive reorganization of the Russian Air Force in 2009, the army was withdrawn from the Special Purpose Command on 1 July, and its disbandment was completed by 1 December.
2007 structure
16th Air Army – Kubinka- 237th Guards Air Technology Demonstration Centre – Kubinka
- 226th Separate Mixed Aviation Regiment – Kubinka
- 83rd Separate Communications Regiment – Kubinka
- 105th Mixed Aviation Division, Voronezh
- *455th Bomber Aviation Regiment – Voronezh Malshevo/Baltimor, Voronezh
- *899th Assault Aviation Regiment – Buturlinovka
- 47th Reconnaissance Aviation Regiment – Shatalovo
- 14th Fighter Aviation Regiment – Kursk Vostochny Airport
- 28th Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment – Andreapol
- 45th Separate Helicopter Regiment – Kaluga
- 440th Separate Helicopter Regiment – Vyazma
- 490th Separate Helicopter Regiment – Tula