1230

By area

Africa

• Sundiata starts to rule in Mali.
• In the West African village of Siby, Sundiata Keita, founder of the Mali Empire, forces the Malinkés to bind themselves to each other by oath.

  Asia

• August 10–12 - Battle of Yassıçemen: Sultan Kayqubad I of Rum defeats Shah Jala9

• The Sena Dynasty of Bengal falls.

  Europe

• March 9 - Battle of Klokotnitsa: Bulgarian tsar Ivan Asen II defeats the Emperor of Thessalonica Theodore Komnenos Doukas. In the aftermath, Bulgaria quickly extends its control over most of Theodore's domains in Thrace, Macedonia, and Albania. The Latin Duchy of Philippopolis and the independent principality of Alexius Slav are also captured, and annexed into Bulgaria.
• Iberian Peninsula - Battle of Alange: Alfonso IX defeats Ibn Hud al-Yamani. This success opens the road to Badajoz to the Leonese troops. The Portuguese king Sancho II continues his offensive southward, and takes Beja, Juromenha, Serpa and Moura.
• September 24 - The Kingdoms of León and Galicia unite with the Kingdoms of Castile and Toledo, under Ferdinand III.
• The Teutonic Knights are invited into Prussia, to forcibly convert the Prussians and Yatvags to Christianity.

  By topic

Arts

• The Carmina Burana poetry and song collection is created.