1080 Year 1080 was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar .Events By place Byzantine Empire Autumn - Nikephoros Melissenos , a Byzantine general and aristocrat, seizes control of what remains of Byzantine Asia Minor , and proclaims himself emperor against Nikephoros III . Melissenos makes an alliance with Sultan Suleiman ibn Qutulmish and recruits many Turkish mercenaries to his army.Europe January 27 - Battle of Flarchheim: Emperor Henry IV defeats the forces led by the German anti-king Rudolf of Rheinfelden , duke of Swabia , near the town of Flarchheim . April 17 - King Harald III dies after a 4-year reign and is buried at Dalby Church in Scania . He is succeeded by his brother Canute IV as ruler of Denmark . October 14 - Battle on the Elster: Rudolf of Rheinfelden defeats the imperial forces led by Henry IV at the Elster River . Rudolf dies the following day at Merseburg of wounds received. May 14 - William Walcher , bishop of Durham , is killed by rebel Northumbrians. King William I sends a punitive expedition led by his half-brother Odo of Bayeux to pacify Northumbria . Autumn - Robert Curthose , a son of William I , is sent to invade Scotland . He reaches as far as Falkirk and forces King Malcolm III to agree to terms while building fortifications at Newcastle-on-Tyne . Osmund , bishop of Salisbury , builds Devizes Castle in Wiltshire .Armenia The Rubenid Principality of Cilicia gains independence after its founder, Ruben I , succeeds in establishing his authority in the mountainous regions of Cilicia .Africa The Almoravid emir, Yusuf ibn Tashfin , conquers Tangier , Badis and Hunayn .China Shen Kuo , Chinese polymath scientist and statesman, begins his defensive military campaign against the Tanguts of the Western Xia . He successfully defends the invasion route to Yanzhou .By topic Religion Births Adelard of Bath , English philosopher Adolf III , German count of Berg and Hövel Alberic of Ostia , French cardinal-bishop Barthélemy de Jur , French bishop Cellach of Armagh , Irish archbishop Egas Moniz o Aio , Portuguese nobleman Eilika of Saxony , German noblewoman Ermesinde of Luxembourg , countess of Namur Guarinus of Palestrina , Italian cardinal-bishop Harald Kesja , king of Denmark Helie of Burgundy , countess of Toulouse Henry I , archbishop of Mainz Honorius Augustodunensis , French theologian Ibn Tumart , Almoravid political leader Leo I , prince of Cilician Armenia Lhachen Utpala , Indian king of Ladakh Magnus Erlendsson , Norse earl of Orkney María Rodríguez , countess of Barcelona Matilda of Scotland , queen of England Piotr Włostowic , Polish nobleman Reginald I , count of Bar Richard Fitz Pons , Norman nobleman Robert Pullen , English cardinal Rotrou III , French nobleman Theresa , Portuguese queen and regent Wanyan Zonghan , Chinese nobleman Wulfric of Haselbury , English wonderworker Deaths January 26 - Amadeus II , count of Savoy April 17 - Harald III, king of Denmark May 14 - William Walcher, bishop of Durham July 5 - Ísleifur Gissurarson , Icelandic bishop October 15 - Rudolf of Rheinfelden, duke of Swabia Abraham , bishop of St. David's Aristakes Lastivertsi , Armenian historian Bertha of Blois , duchess of Brittany Lhachen Gyalpo , Indian king of Ladakh Michael Attaleiates , Byzantine historian and writer Muhammad ibn Abbas , ruler of the Ghurid Dynasty
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