1003

By place

Europe

• February 9 - Boleslaus III is restored to authority with armed support from Duke Bolesław I of Poland. The following months, Boleslaus' brothers Jaromír and Oldřich flee to Germany and place themselves under the protection of King Henry II, while Boleslaus orders the massacre of his Bohemian leading nobles at Vyšehrad.
• German–Polish War: Bolesław I annexes Bohemia and parts of Moravia. German nobles under Henry of Schweinfurt revolt against Henry II.
• Count Oliba abdicates his secular possessions to his brothers – Wilfred II receives Berga and Bernard I Ripoll. Oliva takes up the Benedictine habit at the Monastery of Santa Maria de Ripoll.
• King Robert II invades Burgundy, but fails. After this fiasco Robert repudiates his second wife, Bertha of Burgundy, and marries Constance of Arles who becomes queen consort of France.
• King Rudolph III of Burgundy invests Humbert I with the domains of the Duchy of Aosta. He becomes the first count of the House of Savoy.
• King Stephen I of Hungary invades Transylvania and establishes the Diocese of Transylvania.
• Battle of Albesa: Muslim forces of the Caliphate of Cordoba defeat the northern Christian armies of León, Pamplona and Castile.

  England

• King Sweyn I lands with a Danish Viking fleet in East Anglia, ravaging the countryside. Northumbria surrenders to him.

  Asia

• Emperor Sheng Zong of the Khitan-led Liao Dynasty leads an expedition into Mongolia and subdues the Zubu tribe who are forced to pay an annual tribute.

  By topic

Art

• Construction of the Brihadisvara Temple in Tamil Nadu, during the Chola Dynasty.

  Religion

• May 12 - Pope Sylvester II dies after a 4-year pontificate. He is succeeded by John XVII as the 140th pope of the Catholic Church.
• November 6 - John XVII dies after a pontificate of about 7 months and is buried in the Lateran Basilica at Rome.
• Heribert, archbishop of Cologne, founds Deutz Abbey at Deutz.